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Wetting and dispersing agent
The dispersant in the water-based system is more likely to play a role by using the electric double layer structure. Since the dielectric constant of water is relatively high, when the dispersant is adsorbed on the surface of the pigment and filler particles, most of the dispersant has ionic groups, and the ionic groups are hydrolyzed. The surface of the pigment and filler is charged to a certain extent, and an electric double layer is formed around the particles. When the pigment particles approach each other in Brownian motion, the charged particles with the same kind of electric double layer generate electrostatic repulsion, preventing the re-agglomeration of the particles.
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Wetting
is the process of replacing the air and moisture attached to the surface of the aggregate of pigments and fillers with the base material.
The process of separating primary ions from aggregates in separation grinding. obtained by shear force. Commonly used dispersing and grinding equipment are: three-roll machine, two-roll machine, kneader, sand mill, ball mill, dispersant, while water-based pigment paste mainly uses sand mill and disperser.
Stabilized
pigment dispersion is an unstable system, the main stabilization mechanism: steric hindrance, charge stability. The dispersant is adsorbed on the surface of the pigment particles to charge the surface, and forms an electric double layer around the pigment particles to generate mutual repulsion.
Dispersant Stabilization Mechanism
1. Electrostatic stabilization mechanism
The dispersant in the water-based system is more likely to play a role by using the electric double layer structure. Since the dielectric constant of water is relatively high, when the dispersant is adsorbed on the surface of the pigment and filler particles, most of the dispersant has ionic groups, and the ionic groups are hydrolyzed. The surface of the pigment and filler is charged to a certain extent, and an electric double layer is formed around the particles. When the pigment particles approach each other in Brownian motion, the charged particles with the same kind of electric double layer generate electrostatic repulsion, preventing the re-agglomeration of the particles.
2. Stabilization mechanism of steric hindrance
The steric hindrance stabilization mechanism is not easily affected by the pH value and ionicity of the system in the aqueous system. Polymer dispersants are usually composed of anchor groups and solvated chain segments. The anchor groups are adsorbed on the surface of the pigment, and the solvated chain segments are extended in the dispersion medium. In this way, a certain thickness of solvated high-fraction segment barrier layer is formed to prevent the pigment particles from approaching each other. Common anchoring groups are -R 2 N, -R 3 N+, -COOH, -COO-, -SO 3 H, -SO 2 -, -PO 4 -, polyamine, polyol and polyether, etc. Interactions such as ionic bonds, covalent bonds, hydrogen bonds, and van der Waals forces are tightly adsorbed on the surface of solid particles to prevent desorption of the dispersant; the other part is a solvation segment, and the common ones are polyol, polyether, polyolefin and polyacrylic acid, etc. According to the polarity, it can be divided into three types: low polarity polyolefin chain; medium polar polyol chain or polyacrylic acid chain, etc.; strong polar polyether chain. It is generally a polyether segment used in water-based systems. In the polarity-matched dispersion medium, the solvation chain has good compatibility with the dispersion medium, and is in a relatively extended conformation in the dispersion medium, forming a protective layer with sufficient thickness on the surface of the solid particles.
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