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Wetting and dispersing agent
The anchoring groups of dispersants can be divided into: acidic anchoring groups, neutral anchoring groups, basic anchoring groups and composite anchoring groups.
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The anchoring groups of dispersants can be divided into: acidic anchoring groups, neutral anchoring groups, basic anchoring groups and composite anchoring groups.
- Acidic anchoring groups include -COOH-, -PO(OH) 2 , etc., which are more suitable for dispersing inorganic pigments and fillers.
- The neutral anchoring groups are mainly various aromatic rings, such as benzene ring, Cai ring and other molecular structures. Since most organic pigments and carbon black are color-emitting units with large planar structures, this type of structure is different from the aromatic rings on the dispersant. They interact through TT bonds.
- The basic anchoring groups are mainly various nitrogen-containing groups and heterocyclic structures, and also include various quaternary salts. Since the surface of most organic pigments and carbon black is weakly acidic, the basic anchoring group has relatively strong adsorption capacity on the surface of these pigments. The basic group is easy to ionize, and it also has good adsorption capacity for inorganic pigments.
- Composite anchoring group refers to the simultaneous introduction of various adsorption anchoring groups in the dispersant, such as the introduction of acidic and basic groups at the same time, so that it has a good dispersion ability for inorganic and organic pigments, especially in organic-inorganic co-grinding The compound color system can achieve good co-grinding effect and reduce the phenomenon of floating color and blooming to the greatest extent.
Dispersant Screening Principles
- The surface treatment method of pigments and fillers and the pH value can be used to select a suitable dispersant for anchoring groups.
- Choose a polarity-matching dispersant based on the polarity range in which the coating system is located.
- The specific surface area and oil absorption of the pigment, usually the amount of dispersant added in the formula = (specific surface area of pigment/5)%, for example, when the specific surface area of the pigment is 250m 2 /g, the theoretical amount of dispersant added is the solid content (250/5)%=40%.
Laboratory Test Method: (Dispersant Requirement)
- Make a slurry with pigments and water
- Drop about 0.05% dispersant (based on the weight ratio of pigment and filler) into the slurry every time, and measure the viscosity
- Do three drops after reaching the minimum viscosity
- Make a graph of viscosity versus dispersant dosage
The addition method of dispersant, especially in water-based paint and ink formulations, due to the presence of too many surface active substances, is prone to competitive adsorption, resulting in insufficient effective coating of the pigment by the dispersant, unstable dispersion, and easy aggregation. Special attention should be paid to the synergistic use of dispersants when using dispersants. In the actual grinding and dispersing process, first add water, then add dispersant, defoamer, wetting agent to disperse at low speed, then add pigments and fillers, disperse or grind at high speed.
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